White Paper Library Introduction
All of the White Papers in our library are peer reviewed documents. These documents are non-commercial papers that have been reviewed by experts in the fields of chemistry, physics and engineering. Everything in our library not only has been fact checked, but also is informative combining Best Practices with leading edge technology.
Real Time Measurements of Acetylene in Ethylene Manufacturing Process, Field Trails of the TDLAS Based Analyzer
Abstract
The analyzer, based on near infrared Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS), was developed for the measurement of acetylene in process streams. Measurements of acetylene were made as under laboratory conditions and in different locations of the back end acetylene converter of the ethylene plant.
Measurement of Sulfur in Refinery Flare Gas Streams for Compliance with EPA Subpart J(a) Regulations
Abstract
The Challenge: Measurement of high range and low range H2S in refinery flare gas streams for compliance with EPA regulation NSPS Subpart J(a). The rule has placed an extra investment and operational burden on petroleum refineries to meet the regulatory requirement. AMETEK offers an economical solution to meet the challenge with an emphasis on lower capital and operating cost along with improved reliability
AMETEK THERMOX Introduces the WDG-V Combustion Analyzer
Abstract
AMETEK THERMOX Introduces the 5th Generation THERMOX Combustion Gas Analyzer in a CONTROL Magazine Exclusive.
WDG analyzers are based on a zirconium oxide cell that provides a reliable and cost-effective solution for measuring excess oxygen in flue gas as well as CO and methane levels. Information from the Gas Analyzer allows operators to obtain the highest fuel efficiency, while lowering emissions for NOx, CO and CO2.
The zirconium oxide cell responds to the difference between the concentration of oxygen in the flue gas versus an air reference. To assure complete combustion, the flue gas should contain several percent oxygen. The optimum excess oxygen concentration is dependent on the fuel type (natural gas, hydrocarbon liquids and coal).
Application of Combustion Analyzers in Safety Instrumented Systems
Abstract
The combustion process has always been considered having the potential for a hazardous event which could lead to personal injury or loss of production.To mitigate this risk, the process industry is now implementing
Safety Instrumented Systems which can identify hazardous operating conditions and correctly respond to bring the combustion process back to a safe operating condition or implement an automatically controlled shutdown sequence to reduce the risk of operator error causing a catastrophic event.
The Seven Deadly Sins of Sulphur Recovery
Abstract
This paper discusses the practical aspects of the suite of analyzers used on a modern sulfur recovery unit (SRU) and tail gas treating unit installation. Seven analyzer applications are covered along with industry 'best practice' recommendations based on maintenance history and direct experience.
When Capability is Critical
Abstract
The measurement and control of contaminants in natural gas pipeline systems are crucial to maintaining safe, reliable transport and consistent quality of the final product. Contaminants that require continuous analysis include total sulfurs, water vapor, carbon dioxide and heavier hydrocarbons.
When Capability is Critical
The Analysis of Carbon Dioxide in Natural Gas
Abstract
The composition of natural gas varies but consists mainly of methane and varying amounts of heavier aliphatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen and carbon dioxide (CO2).